Social servicesRM155.8 bilion · 37.2%
Operating: RM127.2 bilionDevelopment: RM28.6 bilion
RM419.2 billion: how is federal spending allocated?
How is the RM419.2 billion 2026 federal spending estimate split between operating and development spending? Explore the official sector classification published by the Ministry of Finance.
Important: 2026 budget and 2025 revised estimates, not audited actual spending. Sector ringgit amounts are approximations calculated from MOF's rounded percentages.
2026 · Budget estimate · Operating + development combinedRM419.2 bilionOfficial MOF aggregate; sector RM figures are estimated from rounded percentage shares.
Where does this spending go?
Others / unallocated functionsRM139.3 bilion · 33.2%
Operating: RM139.3 bilion
Economic servicesRM58.8 bilion · 14.0%
Operating: RM22.0 bilionDevelopment: RM36.8 bilion
Defence and securityRM44.6 bilion · 10.6%
Operating: RM32.8 bilionDevelopment: RM11.7 bilion
General administrationRM20.8 bilion · 5.0%
Operating: RM16.9 bilionDevelopment: RM3.9 bilion
■ Gold segment = development; sector color = operating. The bar scale is shared by 2025 and 2026.
2025 versus 2026: what changed?
Revised 2025 estimate versus the 2026 budget estimate, not actual spending in either year. Sector RM differences are calculated from rounded published percentage shares.
Operating + development combined+RM7.1 bilion
| Function | 2025* | 2026** | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Social services | 148.6 | 155.8 | +7.1 |
| Economic services | 58.6 | 58.8 | +0.2 |
| Defence and security | 42.1 | 44.6 | +2.5 |
| General administration | 21.0 | 20.8 | -0.2 |
| Others / unallocated functions | 141.8 | 139.3 | -2.5 |
RM billion; *2025 revised estimate, **2026 budget estimate before additional 2026 measures. Sector values computed from MOF's rounded percentage figures.
What do these classifications mean?
Social services cover multiple government functions, not only the Education and Health ministries. The operating-spending category Others is not a single ministry or public service.
MOF publishes five operating groups but four development groups. We do not invent an Others development category. Combined-sector values are derived from operating and development shares in Figures 3.3 and 3.5; they are not actual function-level expenditure accounts.
Calculated combined percentages can differ slightly from MOF's total-spending figure due to rounded inputs. A 2025–2026 estimate comparison is not evidence of realized spending growth or policy effectiveness.
For actual development expenditure history through 2023, use the separate JANM analysis. JANM's operating-spending data are organized by expenditure object, so they cannot simply be merged with development functions.